For the purpose of discovering proton decays, the Kamiokande detector, which utilized a 3000-ton water tank, was constructed in the early 1980s. In order to measure the branching ratio of proton decays, large diameter photomultipliers (PMTs) as large as 20 inches were developed, achieving 20% photocoverage in the detector. Unfortunately, the proton decay lifetime was beyond the sensitivity of Kamiokande, and they were not discovered. The detector was upgraded for solar neutrino measurement in 1984–1985. This upgrade enabled the capability of low-energy neutrino detection, which is why the neutrinos from the supernova SN1987A were easily detected in 1987. Kamiokande succeeded in observing solar neutrinos in 1988, but the observed flux was almost half of the expectation from the standard solar model, confirming the solar neutrino problem initially announced by the Homestake experiment. Kamiokande also observed an anomaly in atmospheric neutrinos, showing that the \nu_\mu to \mu_e ratio was smaller than expected. To solve these problems, the 50,000-ton water Cherenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande (SK), was constructed, and operation started in 1996. SK discovered atmospheric neutrino oscillations in 1998 and solved the solar neutrino problem as a solution of neutrino oscillations in 2001 by comparing fluxes with the SNO experiment. In 2002, KamLAND confirmed solar neutrino oscillations using reactor neutrinos. Long baseline neutrino experiments of K2K and T2K were also conducted using SK, confirming neutrino oscillations with man-made neutrino sources and discovering the third oscillation mode. This talk will review the evolution of neutrino physics at Kamioka over the past 40 years

J-PARC, Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, is the research facility with high intensity proton accelerators which consists of a chain of three accelerators, ie, 400MeV LINAC, 3GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), and 30GeV main ring, and three experimental facility, ie, Material & Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF), Hadron Experimental facility (HEF), and Neutrino experimental facility. The RCS provides 3GeV proton beam to MLF to produce muon and neutron beam and MR provides the 30GeV proton beam to HEF and neutrino facility. J-PARC is an unique accelerator facility in the sense that it covers very wide research fields ranging from elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, material and life science, and even, industrial applications. In my presentation I will introduce the latest status of J-PARC accelerators and facilities, recent scientific outcomes, and future plans.

The T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) experiment is a long-baseline neutrino experiment designed to study the oscillations of accelerator-produced muon neutrinos and antineutrinos over a 295 km baseline from the J-PARC accelerator to the Super-Kamiokande detector in Japan. The primary goal is the precise measurement of the neutrino PMNS oscillation parameters, notably the mixing angles $\theta_{13}$, $\theta_{23}$, the mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{32}$, and to probe the CP-violating phase $\delta_{\mathrm{CP}}$. This talk presents the latest oscillation results from T2K, based on a beam exposure of $2.14(1.63)\times10^{21}$ protons on target (POT) in (anti)neutrino mode, as well as the results of the first joint analysis with Super-Kamiokande collaboration, using $3244.4$ days of atmospherics data and a beam exposure of $1.97(1.63)\times10^{21}$ POT in (anti)neutrino mode, with a common interaction model for events overlapping in neutrino energy and correlated detector systematic uncertainties between the two datasets, which are found to be compatible.

NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment searching for electron neutrino appearance and muon neutrino disappearance. To do this, NOvA uses the NuMI beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory along with two functionally identical detectors, separated by a baseline of 809 km. A near detector, which is close to the point of neutrino production, provides a measurement of initial beam energy spectra and flavour composition. The spectra are then extrapolated to a far detector and compared to data to look for oscillations. The experiment is able to constrain several parameters of the PMNS matrix and is sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy. This talk presents NOvA's program of oscillation physics, focussing on updated measurements of muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance using 10 years of NuMI data collected by the NOvA far detector corresponding to a 14 ktonne equivalent exposure of $26.61 x 10^20$ and $12.50 x 10^20$ protons on target, in neutrino and antineutrino beam modes respectively. The analysis builds on previous results with improved simulation and roughly doubles the neutrino beam data.

The Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment which searches for evidence of CP violation in the leptonic sector. Interactions from a beam of (anti-)neutrinos produced at the Japan Proton Accelerator Complex (J-PARC) are first measured before the onset of oscillations, at the Near Detector Complex (ND280) positioned 280 m away from the neutrino production target. This is followed by measurements of interactions from the oscillated neutrino beam at the Super-Kamiokande far detector, located 295 km away from J-PARC. ND280 has a pivotal role in constraining the neutrino beam and interaction cross section systematics which determines the accuracy of measurements of oscillation parameters at the far detector. To allow for improved constraints on the CP-violating phase (latest measurement achieved a 90% confidence level), a major upgrade of the Near Detector complex for T2K has been completed in May 2024. The upgrade included the installation and commissioning of the highly granular Super Fine-Grained Detector, which consist of ~2,000,000 optically isolated 1 cm^3 plastic scintillator cubes, acting as a ~2 tonne active target material. Scintillation light from neutrino induced interactions is measured across three orthogonal directions by a combined ~56,000 wavelength-shifting fibres coupled to Multi-Pixel Photon Counters. The new detector has been optimised to allow for improved (~4pi) track angular acceptance, reduced track reconstruction thresholds and neutron detection capabilities due to the detector’s unique nanosecond-level single-channel timing resolution. The commissioning and first results from SFGD data collected with the J-PARC beam will be presented in this talk.

MicroBooNE is an 85-tonne liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detector at Fermilab, positioned on the Booster Neutrino Beam and off-axis to the NuMI beam. From 2015 to 2020, it collected one of the largest neutrino-argon datasets in the world, enabling high-statistics studies of neutrino properties in the GeV range. Due to its excellent calorimetric and spatial resolution, MicroBooNE serves both precision neutrino physics and searches for Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) phenomena. Additionally, MicroBooNE has developed advanced reconstruction techniques and tools that will also be useful for next-generation LArTPC experiments like SBND and DUNE. MicroBooNE also leads investigations into the MiniBooNE low energy excess (LEE), with a comprehensive suite of searches probing possible origins of the anomaly. This talk will highlight MicroBooNE’s latest results.

We present an updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillation data. The parameters θ₁₂, θ₁₃, Δm²₂₁, and |Δm²₃ℓ| are now well constrained, with relative 3σ precisions of approximately 13%, 8%, 15%, and 6%, respectively. The mixing angle θ₂₃ remains affected by the octant ambiguity, with no clear preference for values above or below 45°. The determination of the CP-violating phase δ₍CP₎ depends on the neutrino mass ordering: under normal ordering, the fit is consistent with CP conservation at 1σ, while for inverted ordering, CP-violating values around 270° are favored over CP-conserving ones at more than 3.6σ. Although current data provides 2.5–3σ sensitivity to the mass ordering, tensions among datasets reduce the overall discrimination power. T2K and NOvA individually favor normal ordering, yet are more mutually consistent under inverted ordering, whereas global disappearance data favor normal ordering. Including long-baseline, reactor, and IceCube atmospheric data, both orderings remain comparably viable. A preference for normal ordering emerges only upon including Super-Kamiokande atmospheric data, with Δχ² = 6.1. We also provide updated constraints on effective parameters relevant for β decay, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and cosmology.

Neutrino tomography offers a revolutionary method to probe Earth's internal structure by exploiting how high- and low-energy atmospheric neutrinos interact with matter. At TeV-PeV energies, neutrino absorption attenuates the neutrino flux depending on the traversal distance and density. Already, high-energy atmospheric neutrino data collected by IceCube were utilized to measure Earth's mass and moment of inertia, as well as to verify core-mantle density contrasts. Meanwhile, oscillation tomography utilizes matter effects in the oscillations of GeV-scale neutrinos to infer electron density variations across layers - promising complementary insights from detectors like IceCube DeepCore, ORCA, Hyper-Kamiokande, and DUNE. This talk presents both techniques, their recent achievements, and future prospects in mapping Earth's inner structure through neutrinos - the universe's most elusive probes.

Understanding the distribution of heat-producing elements in the Earth is essential for reconstructing models of its thermal and compositional evolution. Geoneutrinos—neutrinos emitted in the decays of the primordial isotopes —offer a unique and direct probe of the Earth's interior. In this work, we present the results from the Kamioka Liquid-scintillator Antineutrino Detector (KamLAND), based on over 18 years of data, including an 8-year period with minimal reactor antineutrino background. Our results yield the first constraint on both uranium and thorium heat contributions. This is consistent with geochemical estimations based on elemental abundances of chondritic meteorites and mantle peridotites. The High-Q model is disfavored at 99.76% confidence level, and a fully radiogenic model is excluded at 5.2σ assuming a homogeneous mantle. In this talk, I will discuss the latest result for geoneutrino measurement with KamLAND.

The T600 detector, the first large scale (760-ton) LAr-TPC detector, was successfully operated by the ICARUS Collaboration in a three-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratory, where it conducted a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous neutrino appearances in the CNGS beam. After a major upgrade at CERN, the detector was relocated to Fermilab, where, after a commissioning phase, data collection for neutrino oscillation physics began in June 2022. It collected events from both the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) off-axis beams, with the initial goal of confirming or disproving the findings of the Neutrino-4 short-baseline reactor experiment. Additionally, it will measure neutrino cross sections in liquid Argon using the NuMI beam and conduct various searches for BSM physics. ICARUS will soon jointly search for sterile neutrinos with the Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND). In this presentation, the first results from the ICARUS data with the BNB and NuMI beams are shown both in terms of performance of all ICARUS subsystems and of its capability to select and reconstruct neutrino events.

The JSNS2 (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for sterile neutrinos with Δm2 near 1eV2. A 3 GeV J-PARC proton beam incident on a mercury target produces an intense source of muon antineutrinos from muon decay at rest which may oscillate to electron antineutrinos. The experiment has two detectors, located at a 24 m and 48m baseline from the target. The near and far detectors respectively have a fiducial volume of 17 and 32 tonnes, each filled with gadolinium loaded liquid scintillator (GdLS). We’ve acquired 43% of our approved POT with a single detector as the first-phase experiment (JSNS2). The commissioning run for the second-phase experiment is currently underway. I will present the latest status & results for our blinded sterile neutrino oscillation analysis, our observation of carbon and electron-neutrino interactions, and our KDAR neutrino measurement.

DANSS is a one cubic meter highly segmented solid scintillator detector. It consists of 2500 scintillator strips, covered with gadolinium loaded reflective coating and read out with SiPMs and PMTs via wavelength shifting fibers. DANSS is placed under a 3.1 GW industrial reactor at the Kalinin NPP (Russia) on a movable platform. Long-term reactor monitoring and high statistics allowed for the extraction of observed positron spectra from the two main fissile isotopes, 235U and 239Pu. To obtain the antineutrino spectra from the extracted positron spectra, unfolding was performed applying the SVD method, which employs singular value decomposition of the detector response matrix. Using the Inverse Beta Decay(IBD) spectrum dependence on the 239Pu fission fraction, the ratio of cross sections for 235U and 239Pu was extracted. It agrees with the Huber-Mueller model and somewhat larger than in other experiments. The reactor power was measured using the IBD event rate during 7.5 years with a statistical accuracy of 1.0% within a week and with the relative systematic uncertainty of less than 0.8%. The fraction of the reactor antineutrino yield with energies above 10 MeV was measured, relevant for neutrino coherent scattering studies. In a search for Large Extra Dimensions (LED) the best fit point in a model with one LED has a statistical significance of 2 standard deviations only. The established upper limits on the model parameters (the size of the extra dimension and the mass of the lightest neutrino) are the best in the world in some areas. They exclude a large fraction of the parameters preferred by the LED interpretation of the Gallium anomaly and Reactor anomaly including the best fit points. Searches for sterile neutrinos were updated using an additional 1 million of neutrino events. The limits obtained in a model independent way exclude practically all sterile neutrino parameters preferred by the recent BEST results for Δm^2 below 5 eV^2. Using model predictions for the neutrino flux, DANSS excludes practically the whole sterile neutrino parameter space preferred by the BEST experiment

The vGeN experiment aims to study coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) of reactor antineutrinos. The experimental setup is deployed at Unit 3 of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant. A 1.4 kg high-purity Germanium detector is located at the distance of 11 m from the reactor core to achieve one of the highest antineutrino fluxes among competitors. In this talk the latest results on the measurement of CEvNS and the search of neutrino electromagnetic properties are presented.

The Large Hadron Collider is a copious source of TeV energy neutrinos, in particular in the forward beam directions. Since 2022 two experiments SND@LHC and FASER(nu)have been installed to detect these neutrinos and aim to measure cross sections for different neutrino flavours. This talk will cover recent results, the short term next prospects, as well the plans for continuing extended versions of these experiments for the next phase of the high luminosity LHC operation. We'll also discuss some new ideas of detecting these neutrinos placing detectors farther away from the LHC. For the European Particle Physics Strategy Update, a survey was recently also made on possible auxiliary experiments that could be planned at CERN, using e.g tagged neutrino beams, as part of a campaign to reduce systematics for neutrino interactions for the upcoming large statistics long baseline experiments, and can be briefly mentioned as well.

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a next-generation, multipurpose 20-kiloton liquid scintillator detector set to commence data-taking this year. JUNO’s primary scientific objectives are to have leading sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering and to have sub-percent precision measurements of the oscillation parameters: Δm²₃₁, Δm²₂₁, and sin²θ₁₂. These physics goals rely on JUNO’s ability to resolve the fine oscillation structure in the reactor antineutrino energy spectrum from nuclear reactors situated ~52.5 km away. Beyond this, JUNO possesses a very broad physics programme, measuring neutrino energies from tens of keV to tens of GeV. Following completion of detector construction, JUNO is currently undergoing a commissioning phase filling the central vessel with liquid scintillator in preparation for full operation. This talk will report on the current status of the experiment, its commissioning and the expected physics reach of the detector.

T violation has attracted attention, as the neutrino oscillation probability in matter is proportional to the Jarlskog invariant in the standard three-flavor framework. If a future facility such as a neutrino factory can be realized, it would open the possibility of directly measuring T violation in neutrino oscillations. In this talk, I will briefly review various studies on T violation in neutrino oscillation and discuss the prospects for its investigation.

Lorentz symmetry, a foundational principle in both the Standard Model of particle physics and general relativity, is challenged by certain quantum gravity models that predict possible violation. Detecting these tiny Lorentz symmetry violations, or Lorentz violation, has become a global scientific interest, with interference experiments and other precise systems offering the sensitivity needed for such tests. Neutrino oscillations, which act as natural interferometers, provide an ideal framework for investigating Lorentz violation. In this talk, I will begin by introducing Lorentz violation and the theoretical framework to look for Lorentz violation, known as the Standard Model Extension (SME). Then I will discuss Lorentz violating neutrino oscillations that might explain existing data anomalies and conclude with prospects for one of the most precise Lorentz symmetry tests using atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos at neutrino observatories.

Neutrino oscillation experiments offer a unique window into new physics beyond the Standard Model, including both short-range non-standard interactions (NSI) and long-range interactions (LRI) mediated by new neutral gauge bosons. Short-range NSIs - parametrized through effective four-fermion operators - have been thoroughly constrained by neutrino oscillation data, and recent analyses utilizing neutral-current channels at NOvA demonstrate improved bounds on vector and axial-vector NSI parameters. Complementarily, long-range interactions arise when ultra-light mediators couple neutrinos to distant matter distributions (e.g., Earth, Sun, Milky Way), modifying oscillation probabilities in long-baseline experiments like DUNE and T2HK. This talk reviews both approaches: (1) how oscillation experiments set robust short-range interaction limits, and (2) how long-range forces could imprint detectable signatures across neutrino energy ranges and baselines. By combining theoretical models and experimental strategies, we highlight the power of oscillation physics to reveal or constrain novel neutrino interactions on both micro and cosmic scales.

The large extra dimension framework, originally proposed to address the hierarchy problem, introduces sterile Kaluza-Klein neutrino modes that can mix with active neutrinos, leading to observable deviations in oscillation patterns. Neutrino oscillation experiments provide a unique tool to test such new physics scenarios with high precision. In this work, we review the current status of large extra dimension constraints from oscillation data and highlight the promising role of the upcoming Hyper-Kamiokande experiment in this search. Thanks to its large detector volume, excellent energy resolution, and high-statistics long-baseline neutrino samples, Hyper-Kamiokande is expected to improve sensitivity to large extra dimension induced effects and constrain the compactification radius of extra dimension down to ~0.1 μm. Furthermore, we discuss how the combined capabilities of Hyper-K, DUNE, and JUNO can push the sensitivity of compactification scales further. These synergistic efforts will enable a deeper exploration of the neutrino sector and provide critical insight into the possible existence of extra spatial dimensions.

KamLAND-Zen 800 which is the neutrinoless double beta decay search experiment using ^{136}Xe with 745 kg of enriched xenon completed data-taking in January 2024 to start dismantling the current KamLAND detector in preparation for a detector upgrade, KamLAND2-Zen. Combining with the search in the previous KamLAND-Zen phase, we obtain a lower limit for the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life, a factor of 1.7 improvements over the previous limit. The corresponding upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass are in the range 28–122 meV using phenomenological nuclear matrix element calculations. In this talk, I will discuss the latest results and prospects for neutrinoless double beta decay search with KamLAND-Zen.

SuperNEMO is a double-beta-decay experiment, whose isotope-agnostic tracker-calorimeter architecture has the unique ability to track trajectories and energies of individual particles. If the hypothesised lepton-number-violating process, neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ), is discovered, this full topological event reconstruction will be the only way to determine the mechanism. The detector serves as proof of concept for many novel developments in tracker-calorimeter technology, which could be used in a scaled-up version with neutrino-mass sensitivity comparable to next-generation experiments. In addition, the Demonstrator is uniquely positioned to make detailed studies of the Standard Model double-beta decay process (2νββ). Precise kinematic measurements of these events can place important constraints on nuclear models and the axial coupling constant, gA​. Additionally, the Demonstrator can probe beyond-the-Standard-Model phenomena, including exotic 0νββ modes, Lorentz-violating decays, and bosonic neutrino processes. The SuperNEMO Demonstrator, located at LSM, France, is currently collecting double-beta-decay data from a 6.11kg Se-82 ββ source. First physics data and physics objectives will be presented.

Neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) is a rare, hypothesized nuclear process whose observation would have profound implications for particle physics, including the violation of lepton number and insights into the fundamental nature of neutrinos. The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is an experiment designed to search for 0νββ in Te130 using cryogenic calorimetric technique. CUORE, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, began its first physics data run in 2017, operating at a base temperature of ~10 mK. Since then, it has accumulated over two tonne-years of TeO₂ exposure—enabling the most sensitive search to date for 0νββ decay in Te130 and establishing CUORE as one of the most advanced and stable ultra-low-temperature systems ever implemented in a large-scale physics experiment. Looking ahead, the CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification (CUPID) aims to advance the cryogenic calorimetric technique by enhancing the experiment’s background rejection. CUPID will search for 0νββ in Mo100 using scintillating Li₂100MoO₄ crystals coupled with light detectors for active particle identification. The experiment will capitalize on CUORE’s existing cryogenic infrastructure while implementing state-of-the-art detector upgrades to push the sensitivity to 0νββ. This talk will highlight the latest CUORE results and outline the current progress and future roadmap toward CUPID’s construction.

The PandaX experiments, located at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, employ dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers to search for dark matter, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and astrophysical neutrinos. The current phase PandaX-4T detector, with its 3.7-ton liquid xenon target, has been collecting data since late 2020. In this talk, I will report the latest results from PandaX-4T and discuss the future plan for the next-generation PandaX-xT program.

Cosmology is poised to measure the sum of neutrino masses over the next several years. I describe the cosmological behavior of the standard neutrino from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to late-time non-linear clustering. Then I consider recent cosmological constraints, their robustness, and their parameter degeneracies, as well as near-future probes. Our next challenge will be to verify that cosmology has actually seen a standard neutrino. Thus, I conclude with a brief exploration of non-standard neutrino models and other hot dark matter, focusing on their cosmological impacts.

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration is conducting a five-year survey to collect more than 40 million galaxy and quasar redshifts. Recently, the collaboration presented measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) based on 14 million redshifts from the first three years of observations. In addition to setting stringent new constraints on the dark energy equation of state, the cosmic matter density, and the amplitude of fluctuations, DESI data also provide the strongest current limits on the sum of the neutrino masses when combined with information from the cosmic microwave background. In this talk, I will give an overview of the status of neutrino cosmology, with a focus on the latest cosmological constraints on the neutrino masses and the number of neutrino species. I will assess the agreement between cosmological and laboratory constraints and discuss the implications for neutrino physics and cosmology.

Neutrinos produced in the extreme environments inside a supernova core undergo flavour conversions on their way out. Our understanding of these conversions has undergone major paradigm shifts in the last quarter of a century. Starting from the matter effects on neutrino oscillations due to the surrounding electrons and the consequent resonances at ~1000 km from the centre of the star, further exploration has shown that the densities and flavours of surrounding neutrinos can affect the flavour conversions even as deep as ~10 km from the centre. These non-linear effects lead to the so-called collective oscillations, which have the potential to influence the supernova explosion mechanism. Observations of neutrinos from a galactic supernova would provide us crucial inputs on supernova astrophysics and may even identify the neutrino mass ordering.

Diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB), formed by neutrinos initially released from core-collapsed stars and accumulated over the cosmic history, is believed a key probe of stellar astrophysics as well as cosmic chemical evolution picture. Its experimental confirmation is still awaited, yet a recent search at the Super-Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector might catch the first hint of its sign with great improvements on the atmospheric background rejection and capture efficiency of signal inverse beta decay owing to loaded gadolinium. In this presentation, DSNB and its potential in probing astrophysics are introduced and the recent search result from Super-Kamiokande is highlighted with focusing on experimental improvements over the past searches.

The observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube is considered one of the major breakthroughs of this century. As we continue to collect data with IceCube and develop new neutrino telescopes such as KM3NeT and Baikal-GVD, the field is transitioning from the discovery phase into a new era focused on identifying and characterizing the cosmic sources of these energetic neutrinos. In this talk, I will provide an overview of the current state of neutrino astronomy. We will discuss the latest experimental advancements and explore theoretical interpretations of recent results.

IceCube has been observing a diffuse high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux since 2012. While two compelling sources TXS 0506+056 and NGC 1068 have been identified to date, the origin of this flux remains largely unknown. In 2021, the partially completed KM3NeT detector detected a 200 PeV neutrino event with no explicit source pinpointed as of yet. These thrilling sightings have opened a new era for neutrino astronomy, urging for next-generation neutrino telescopes with significantly improved pointing capability and flavor discrimination power. Future detectors expect to resolve this diffuse flux and offer novel, significant insight into neutrino oscillation over astronomical baselines. TRIDENT is a proposed next-gen neutrino telescope, aiming to rapidly discover multiple astrophysical neutrino sources with optimal all-flavor detection efficiency. In this talk, we will discuss the design principles, point source and flavor sensitivities, the detector development status and future prospects of TRIDENT.

TRIDENT is a future, next-generation neutrino observatory designed to significantly build upon the landmark detections of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos over the last decade. Situated 3.5 km deep in the South China Sea, TRIDENT will deploy kilometre-scale strings of photosensitive modules across approximately 10 km³ of seawater. The experiment is designed with two primary objectives: the rapid identification of multiple astrophysical neutrino sources, and precise determination their neutrino flavour ratios. Achieving both of these goals simultaneously requires careful optimisation of detector design, accounting for neutrino detection efficiency, pointing precision, the detectable energy range, and discrimination power of neutrino flavour. This presentation will discuss key design strategies and their implications to TRIDENT’s physics reach. Physics prospects include the discovery of astrophysical sources using neutrinos of all flavours, as well as novel methods to boost sensitivity to supernova burst neutrinos.

GRAND (the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection) is a proposed next-generation observatory targeting primarily the detection of ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos, with energies exceeding 100 PeV. GRAND is envisioned as a collection of large-scale ground arrays of self-triggered radio antennas that target the radio emission from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles. Three prototype arrays are presently in operation: GRANDProto300 in China, with 60 units running since the end of 2024, GRAND@Auger in Argentina, with 10 units deployed on the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory, and GRAND@Nançay in France, a 4-unit setup installed at the Nançay Radio Observatory and used for test purposes. The main objective of the GRAND prototype phase is to validate the detection principle and technology of GRAND, in preparation for its next phase, GRAND10k. GRAND10k will consist of two arrays of 10'000 antennas each, in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, to be deployed from 2030 on. We will give an overview of the GRAND concept, its science goals, the status of the prototypes, their first measurements. In particular, we will highlight the preliminary results of the calibration and the cosmic-ray search with GRANDProto300.

P-ONE, or the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment, is a future neutrino telescope under construction in the northern hemisphere. It will be a multi-cubic kilometre detector off the coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and will utilize the world-leading infrastructure of Ocean Networks Canada. The first full line is set to be deployed by autumn 2025 and will be followed by the demonstrator phase in the subsequent years. The full detector is planned to be operational by the end of the decade joining the network of neutrino telescopes scattered across the world, pushing us into a new era of high-energy neutrino astronomy. In this talk we present the current status and progress of the experiment and its expected performance, along with possible discovery opportunities from our Galactic Centre and beyond.

Over the past ten years, several breakthroughs have been made in multi-messenger astronomy. Thanks to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the detection of astrophysical neutrinos was proved to be practical. However, due to the limited statistics and field of view, only a few sources have been associated with IceCube neutrinos, making new and larger neutrino telescopes necessary. We propose the NEutrino Observatory in the Nanhai (NEON), located in the South China Sea to be complementary for the global neutrino detectors. This talk presents the detector array’s design, layout, and comprehensive performance simulations. Results indicate that NEON—with a 10 km³ instrumented volume—achieves an angular resolution of 0.1° at 100 TeV. We further report the current status of simulations and detector construction efforts.

Belle and Belle II are B-factory experiments located at the KEK laboratory in Japan, designed to study the properties of B mesons produced in high energy electron-positron collisions. While not primarily neutrino experiments, Belle and Belle II are uniquely positioned to contribute to neutrino physics. This includes searches for sterile neutrinos in B or 𝝉 decays, and the study of rare B meson decays such as B → Kνν. This talk will summarize the neutrino physics program of Belle / Belle II, highlighting some recently published results.

The RENO experiment has precisely measured the amplitude and frequency of reactor antineutrino oscillation at Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant since Aug. 2011. The 2018 publication reported the measured oscillation parameters based on 2200 days of data. Before the RENO far detector was shut down in March 2023, additional 1600 days of data had been acquired. This presentation reports the updated and final result on a reactor antineutrino oscillation parameter sin^22theta_13(dm_ee^2), with improved statistical and systematic uncertainties by 10%(14%) and 13%(23%), respectively.

The Reactor Experiment for Neutrinos and Exotics (RENE) aims to search for sterile neutrinos in the Δm² ≈ 2 eV² region. This presentation will report on the status of the RENE prototype detector. The prototype comprises a 0.5-ton cylindrical target of Gd-loaded liquid scintillator (Gd-LS), surrounded by a 1.5-ton box-shaped gamma catcher filled with liquid scintillator (LS). The entire detector volume is viewed by two 20-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). Currently, the prototype is undergoing assembly and commissioning at a surface laboratory. These surface tests are in preparation for its deployment and initial data-taking. Following this commissioning phase, the detector is scheduled for installation in the tendon gallery of the Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant, at a baseline of approximately 23 m from a reactor core. The design, construction status, and initial performance results of the prototype will be presented.

Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) is a long-baseline experiment that measures neutrino oscillations. A crucial ingredient for a study of neutrino oscillations is the precise understanding of neutrino interaction cross sections which are measured in-situ using a suite of near detectors. These are positioned at different off-axis angles with respect to the neutrino beam, close enough to the neutrino production target (280 m) to access neutrinos before the onset of oscillations. The T2K Near Detector Complex encompasses ND280, a magnetised 2.5 degree off-axis detector with a complex modular structure, WAGASCI/BabyMIND, a water-enriched detector at 1.5 degrees off-axis, and INGRID, an on-axis detector consisting of 16 modules with a sandwich structure of alternating iron and plastic scintillator layers. T2K measures neutrino cross sections for different event topologies, across a range of neutrino energies and target materials. Presented in this talk will be a summary of recent T2K cross section measurements, including Neutral Current (NC) interactions with positive pions in the final state (first new data in this channel in over four decades), Charged Current (CC) interactions on water, and pion-producing interactions of electron-neutrinos from the beam.

Neutrino oscillation measurements via long-baseline experiments rely on the accurate measurement of neutrino interactions with the nucleus and subsequent reconstruction of the neutrino energy. A signature of charged-current (CC) neutrino interaction in the detector is the lepton in the final state and further event classification of CC events in detectors is done based on the composition of the hadronic part of the final state. Charged-current quasi-elastic (CCQE) event contains one nucleon in the final state and is the dominant interaction mode at low neutrino energies (few hundred MeV range). Another mode of interaction in that energy region is called 2p2h, which has two nucleons and one lepton in the final state. In such events, detection and reconstruction of nucleons is crucial for the accurate measurement of neutrino energy. Low energy nucleons in final state pose a challenge during the reconstruction process and are a major contribution towards systematic errors in the neutrino energy reconstruction. NINJA experiment employs nuclear emulsion detectors to measure neutrino-water interactions with low proton momentum threshold (∼200 MeV/c). Key features of nuclear emulsion detectors are their high granularity and 3-dimensional tracking capability. These characteristics allow them to reconstruction short tracks coming from neutrino interaction vertex. The NINJA detector is installed in the near detector complex of the T2K neutrino experiment and utilizes the neutrino beam from J-PARC. NINJA experiment has conducted two physics runs (2019/11∼2020/2, 2023/11∼2024/2) with a 75 kg water target, and is planning a third physics run with a 100kg water target from this winter. In this talk, I will report on the NINJA experiment and the current status of the analysis.

High energy collider neutrinos have been observed for the first time by the FASER$\nu$ experiment. The detected spectrum of collider neutrinos scattering off nucleons can be used to probe neutrinophilic mediators with GeV-scale masses. We find that constraints on the pseudoscalar (axial vector) neutrinophilic mediator are close to the scalar (vector) case since they have similar cross section in the neutrino massless limit. We perform an analysis on the measured muon spectra at FASER$\nu$, and find that the bounds on the vector mediator from the current FASER$\nu$ data are comparable to the existing bounds at $m_{Z^\prime}\approx 0.2$ GeV. We also study the sensitivities to a neutrinophilic mediator at future Forward Physics Facilities including FLArE and FASER$\nu$2 by using both the missing transverse momentum and the charge identification information. We find that FLArE and FASER$\nu$2 can impose stronger bounds on both the scalar and vector neutrinophilic mediators than the existing bounds. The constraints on the scalar mediator can reach 0.08 (0.1) for $m_\phi\lesssim1$ GeV with (without) muon charge identification at FASER$\nu$2.

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) offers a sensitive probe of both Standard Model parameters and physics beyond it. In this talk, I present recent and projected phenomenological studies of CEνNS measurements at two key experimental frontiers: the CONUS+ reactor experiment and the upcoming European Spallation Source (ESS). Using the latest CONUS+ data, which have recently detected reactor-based CEνNS signal at 3.7σ significance, we extract constraints on the weak mixing angle, and place new bounds on neutrino electromagnetic properties such as the magnetic moment, charge radius, and millicharge. We also explore generalized neutrino interactions (NGIs) involving light mediators. At ESS, the intense pulsed neutrino flux and diverse detector technologies enable significantly improved sensitivities. We present projected bounds on SM parameters and new physics scenarios including sterile neutrino dipole portals and active-sterile mixing. Together, these results demonstrate the power of CEνNS experiments to constrain electroweak and BSM physics, complementing both high-energy probes and astrophysical observations.

We investigate a class of chiral U(1)x gauge extensions of the Standard Model, termed "Dark Hypercharge Symmetries". A key feature is the fact that the Z' boson can couple to all Standard Model fermions at tree level, with the U(1)x charges determined by the requirement of anomaly cancellation. Notably, the charges of leptons and quarks can differ significantly depending on the specific anomaly cancellation solution. As a result, different models exhibit distinct phenomenological signatures and can be constrained through various experiments. In this work, we analyze the recent data from the COHERENT experiment, along with results from Dark Matter (DM) direct detection experiments such as XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN, and PandaX-4T, and place new constraints on three benchmark models with light vector mediator mass. Additionally, we set constraints from a performed analysis of TEXONO data and discuss the prospects of improvement in view of the next-generation DM direct detection DARWIN experiment. Our findings demonstrate that coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) and elastic neutrino-electron scattering (EvES) data provide significant constraints on these models.

World-class long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments require world-class accelerator-based neutrino beams. Current and near-future conventional neutrino beam facilities producing long-baseline neutrinos include the J-PARC neutrino beamline in Japan, as well as the NUMI and LBNF neutrino beamlines at FNAL in the US. Each of these facilities plans to use a >1 MW-power proton beam to produce a high-intensity neutrino beam. In this contribution, I will discuss the recent progress and future prospects, as well as various challenges, in producing, accepting, and stably operating MW-power proton beams for neutrino experiments.

The MINOS experiment used a near detector located close to the NuMI beam to predict the neutrino energy spectrum at the far detector. Simulations of the near detector had discrepancies compared to data across all run periods, which is attributed to the neutrino flux. Event-by-event reweighting of the Monte Carlo is performed to find parameters that are applicable across all run periods to improve the simulation, enabling better extrapolation to the far detector. A study on the effectiveness of this reweighting is presented. This aims to provide an efficient means to corroborate the main process by which the flux simulation is adjusted at its major source of uncertainty, the neutrino parent-hadron production at the NuMI beam target. The established reweighting procedure that warps the hadron momentum space is performed on a subset of runs. The resulting parent-hadron reweights are then tested on a wider simulation set with different beam conditions to verify that they are improving the physical model.

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment and neutrino observatory. The experiment combines the world’s most powerful muon-neutrino beam and a near detector at Fermilab, with a 40-kt fiducial LAr mass far detector at the Sanford Underground Research Laboratory over a 1300 km baseline. This design enables DUNE to perform precision measurements of the parameters governing neutrino oscillations, including the CP-violating phase, and ascertain definitively the neutrino mass ordering. Among its primary physics goals, DUNE will search for proton decay and use its unique sensitivity to MeV-scale electron neutrinos to study the neutronization burst of core-collapse supernovae. This talk will cover DUNE’s science and status, including the latest results from the prototyping program and progress with construction.

The Hyper-Kamiokande experiment is the next generation water Cherenkov detector located in Japan. It will be an order of magnitude larger than its predecessor Super-Kamiokande, with a fiducial mass of 188 kton. The far detector will be instrumented with 20,000 20-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and 800 multi-PMT units. Complimenting the far detector will be a suite of near detectors. Those situated 280 m downstream at the ND280 site, and a new intermediate water Cherenkov detector which will be ~800 m downstream of the beam. The Hyper-Kamiokande long-baseline analyses will use (anti)neutrinos produced by the upgraded 1.3 MW J-PARC beam. The main physics goals of the experiment are to determine whether charge parity is violated in the lepton sector; to precisely measure the neutrino oscillation parameters; search for evidence of nucleon decay; and to observe signals from astrophysical sources such as supernovae. The excavation of the cavern needed to house the far detector is ongoing and set to be completed this year. The experiment will begin data taking in 2028. This talk will describe the physics goals and status of the experiment.

Hyper-Kamiokande is the next-generation neutrino experiment; 8 times larger than SuperKamiokande, with improved photosensors and an upgraded neutrino beam, it will explore a very rich physics program, including precise neutrino oscillation parameters (delta-cp, mass ordering), astrophysics (solar neutrinos, supernovae) and new physics (proton decay, dark matter). The Intermediate Water Cerenkov Detector, a 1 kton moveable detector 850 m downstream of the J-PARC neutrino beam, will play a crucial role in reducing the systematic errors, by matching the near and far detector fluxes, measuring the intrinsic backgrounds and directly measuring the nue cross-section, which is the main systematic error on delta-cp.

The Hyper-Kamiokande Detector represents the next generation of neutrino observatories, following in the lineage of the Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande experiments. With significantly enhanced sensitivity, Hyper-Kamiokande will support a diverse and ambitious physics program, including searches for proton decay, studies of solar neutrinos under non-standard scenarios, and the potential first observation of leptonic CP violation. Designed to contain 260 kilotons of water and equipped with 20,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the scale and complexity of Hyper-Kamiokande necessitate the development of advanced event reconstruction algorithms. Existing techniques, originally developed for Super-Kamiokande, are beginning to show their limitations in this new experimental context. In this presentation, we explore how next-generation approaches from the field of deep learning—specifically, Deep Neural Networks—can enhance reconstruction performance for Hyper-Kamiokande. Particular emphasis will be placed on the application of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), presenting early promising results, and a performance comparison with the current reconstruction algorithms used in Super-Kamiokande adapted for Hyper-Kamiokande

Multianode Photomultiplier tubes. This talk will detail a new electronics system encompassing power and readout for the R5900-00-M64 model tailored to the updated requirements of contemporary and future experimental particle physics. It comprises exclusively low voltage input requirements, low power consumption and ease of manufacture, for economical large scale deployment. The design encompasses two custom made PCBs; a Cockroft-Walton powerbase constructed from standard commercially available components, and a DAQ board centered around the WEEROC MAROC 3A chip. This apparatus is envisioned to provide electronics for a photomultiplier, with proven particle physics credentials, for a modern day application.

The ESSnuSB (European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam) project is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector by observing neutrino oscillations in the second oscillation maximum. The high intensity neutrino beam will be produced using the ESS (European Spallation Source) proton linear accelerator, which will be the most powerful proton driver in the world at the 5 MW average beam power. The ESSnuSB experiment is foreseen to be implemented in a staged approach. In the first phase of the project there will be a comprehensive campaign to measure neutrino-water interaction cross sections implemented in two stages: first using the monitored neutrino beam similar to the ENUBET project, then using a neutrino beam from the low-energy nuSTORM ring. The construction of the large 540 kt fiducial mass water-Cherenkov far detectors is expected to proceed in parallel with the cross-section measurement campaigns; once they are completed, the second phase of the experiment will start in which the actual CP violation measurement will be performed. This talk will present the current status of the ESSnuSB project design study and an outlook on the future of the experiment.

In this talk, I review how measurements of neutrino masses and mixing angles have influenced the construction of grand unified theories. I also discuss how, in what I consider a promising natural grand unified framework, these measurements continue to offer clues as the last remaining mystery.

Deviations from unitarity of the CKM matrix in the quark sector are considered excellent windows to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In its leptonic counterpart, the PMNS matrix, these searches are particularly motivated, as the new physics needed to generate neutrino masses often leads to non-unitary mixing among the standard neutrinos. We will discuss how neutrino oscillations are affected in such scenarios depending on the scale of new physics. In particular, we will show what is the interplay between unitarity constraints obtained from neutrino oscillations and from electroweak precision data depending on the scale. Some important subtleties will also be reviewed: What is the correct way to define oscillation probabilities for a non-unitary mixing matrix? Does a non-unitary mixing matrix lead to observable flavor transitions at zero distance? We will also present updated bounds from neutrino oscillation searches to compare with those from flavor and electroweak precision observables and briefly discuss which are the prospects to probe this type of physics in future experiments.

The fact that neutrinos have a nonzero rest mass would provide clear evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model, with wide-reaching implications in both particle physics and cosmology. The KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment aims to determine the absolute neutrino mass scale by performing high-precision spectroscopy of electrons emitted in tritium beta decay near the kinematic endpoint. In this contribution, we present results from the analysis of the first five measurement campaigns. Utilizing a data set collected over 259 days, along with substantially reduced background levels and improved control of systematic uncertainties, we determined best-fit value of m_ν^2=-0.14_(-0.15)^(+0.13) eV^2. This yields a new upper limit on the effective electron antineutrino mass of m_ν<0.45 eV at 90% confidence level. This result improves KATRIN’s previous limit by nearly a factor of two and establishes a new benchmark for direct neutrino mass measurements.

I will describe how non-standard neutrino properties may impact cosmological inferences and in particular the neutrino mass bound.

The Neutrinos from Stored Muons, nuSTORM, facility has been designed to provide intense neutrino beams with well-defined flavour composition and energy spectra. By using neutrinos from the decay of muons confined within a storage ring, a beam composed of equal fluxes of electron- and muon-neutrinos can be created for which the energy spectrum can be calculated precisely. The case for the nuSTORM facility rests on three themes: precision neutrino scattering studies; searches for new physics; and its role as a test bed for the development of high energy muon beams of high brightness. The status of the development of the physics case for nuSTORM will be described along with a summary of progress on the design and simulation of the facility.